Dozier/Johnson Debate on Eternal Punishment

Robert Dozier's Third Rebuttal

 
 
 Proposition:
The scriptures teach that the eternal punishment of lost man is a 
final, irrevocable punishment in a lake that burns with fire and 
brimstone.

Affirm:  James Johnson
Deny: Rober Dozier

James wrote:
As you read the following verses, you will see that the 
scriptures warn us of punishment that follows our being judged.  
The punishment is men being burned in Gehenna, the Lake of Fire.  
The punishment is described as "everlasting", "not quenched", a 
place where "their worm dieth not", and "damnation".

Robert replies:
I will make a distinction here, but I think they are minor.  
Gehenna is not the Lake of Fire.  That is two different images 
from two different texts.  Gehenna was familiar to Jews in 
Jerusalem, thus we see all occurrences of its usage being spoken 
to Jews, primarily in Matthew's gospel.  The readers of Rev 
probably wouldn't have gotten the point with an allusion to 
gehenna, but a lake of fire is pretty simple for anyone to 
visualize.   

James wrote:
The punishment is subsequent to physical death.

I agree that eternal judgment is post resurrection.  It is "the 
second death".

James wrote:
Matthew 5:22  But I say unto you, That whosoever is  angry with 
his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment: 
and whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger 
of the council: but whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in 
danger of hell fire.

Matthew 5:29 And if thy right eye offend thee, pluck it out, and 
cast it from thee: for it is profitable for thee that one of thy 
members should perish, and not that thy whole body should be cast 
into hell.

Matthew 18:8  Wherefore if thy hand or thy foot offend thee, cut 
them off, and cast them from thee: it is better for thee to enter 
into life halt or maimed, rather than having two hands or two 
feet to be cast into everlasting fire.

Verse 9 says the same thing but says the offender is "cast into 
hell fire"

Mark 9:43  And if thy hand offend thee, cut it off: it is better 
for thee to enter into life maimed, than having two hands to go 
into hell, into the fire that never shall be quenched:
44  Where their worm dieth not, and the fire is not quenched.

Jesus spoke to the scribes and Pharisees in Matthew 23:15 and 
said, "Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye 
compass sea and land to make one proselyte, and when he is made, 
ye make him twofold more the child of hell than yourselves."

In Matthew 23:33 He said, "Ye serpents, ye generation of vipers, 
how can ye escape the damnation of hell?"

To be a child of hell is to be a recipient of the damnation of 
hell.

Jesus said in Matthew 10:28, "And fear not them which kill the 
body, but are not able to kill the soul: but rather fear him 
which is able to destroy both soul and body in hell."

Then in Lk 12:4-5 He warns, "Be not afraid of them that kill the 
body, and after that have no more that they can do.
5  But I will forewarn you whom ye shall fear: Fear him, which 
after he hath killed hath power to cast into hell; yea, I say 
unto you, Fear him.

The reader should note that "destroy both soul and body in hell" 
in Mt 10:28 is the same as "cast into hell" in Lk 12:5.

Robert replies:
The "same"? Or does "being cast into Hell", in effect, "destroy 
both body an soul"?

James wrote:
In the above passages Jesus used the words hell, hell fire, 
everlasting fire, fire that shall never be quenched, children of 
hell, and the damnation of hell.  From the context of the verses 
it is clear that He is not warning us that if we do not heed His 
words that some day that we will die and be buried.  He is 
warning of something subsequent to our death when our soul is 
back in our body, and that something involves everlasting fire.  

Robert replies:
I agree that the punishment of the wicked is post resurrection.

The soul is not in the body.  The spirit is.  Together, spirit 
and body ARE a living soul. 

James wrote:
Jesus describes hell.

Mt 18:8 says that the damned are cast into the everlasting fire 
and in v9 they are cast into "hell fire".  Therefore, 
"everlasting fire" = "hell (Gehenna) fire" and neither of these 
are described as annihilation.

Robert replies:
No annihilation in these texts, but the punishment of eternal 
fire was undergone by Sodom as an example to the ungodly. Sodom 
was destroyed, or annihilated.  Fire consumes.  This text is 
talking about process, means, not result.

James wrote:
Mk 9:43 says hell is a place where the fire will never go out 

Robert replies:
It says the fire is not quenched.  That describes the fire as a 
divine fire.  One that cannot be put out by men.  It will 
consume.  It will destroy.  It burns itself out.  This fire is 
seen in Sodom, the deaths of Nadab & Abihu, the deaths of the 
prophets of Baal and the consumption of the sacrifices, water, 
etc.,. 

James wrote:
and v46 says the worm of those cast into Gehenna does not die.

Robert replies:
Again, figurative language taken from Isa 66:24-25. The worms 
will consume the corpses.  Taken literally, this gives some worms 
immortality and the bodies of the lost regenerative tissue 
forever. 

James wrote:
Hell is not a temporary  place.  The fire there burns forever and 
some parasite eternally plagues those who are cast there.  There 
is nothing in these words that indicates that the torment ever 
stops, but it is a rather a place where torment continues 
unendingly.

Robert replies:
Neither is there anything to suggest that the torment does not 
stop.  It is a permanent, not an ongoing punishment, that is  
described as "eternal"...whether  it be sin, judgment, salvation, 
redemption, or punishment....Eternal punishment is not eternal 
punishING.

James wrote:
God can cast the wicked into hell

Jesus said in Lk 12:4-5, "And I say unto you my friends, Be not 
afraid of them that kill the body, and after that have no more 
that they can do.
5  But I will forewarn you whom ye shall fear: Fear him, which 
after he hath killed hath power to cast into hell; yea, I say 
unto you, Fear him.

Robert replies:
But nothing indicates that after the death spoken of in this text 
(second death?) that there is another punishment to undergo, as 
your view demands.  My view would view this as a destructive 
process.

James wrote:
Killing the body is not the same as casting into hell.  Casting 
into hell occurs subsequent to death.  Jesus is speaking of the 
Judgment and the second death, the Lake of Fire (Rev 20:14).

Robert replies:
So, your view has a general resurrection, a second death, and 
then another resurrection for the never ending punishing to 
begin?

James wrote:
Mt 10:28 says, "And fear not them which kill the  body, but are 
not able to kill the soul: but rather fear him which is able to 
destroy both soul and body in hell" (Gehenna).  Thayer says of 
"destroy", ".Metaph. To devote or give over to eternal misery" 
(Thayer's Lexicon, p64).  In both Lk 12:4-5 and Mt 10:28 God 
casts the wicked into hell (Gehenna) at the Judgment.  The reader 
should note that in neither of these passages is "kill" is equal 
to "destroy".  "Destroy" is equal to "cast into hell".  Neither 
"kill" nor "destroy" means "ceasing to be" or "annihilation".

Robert replies:
Luke says "after he hath killed".  So, again, it seems you have a 
natural death, a resurrection, another death from God, but then 
another resurrection and life to undergo eternity in per your 
view?

James wrote:
In Mt 25:41 Jesus said, "Depart from me, ye cursed, into 
everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels".  V46 
says, "And these shall go away into everlasting punishment: but 
the righteous into life eternal."  We have already established in 
Mt 18:8-9 that "everlasting fire" = Gehenna "hell" and the people 
who go there "will be punished forever" (Mt 25:46 CEV).

Robert replies:
One version that sounds good for you view doesn't prove the 
teaching.  CEV is just a bad translation in my opinion. 

James wrote:
The word translated "punishment" in v46 is translated "torment" 
in I Jn 4:18 (".Fear hath torment.").  The Devil and his angels 
are spirits (II Cor 11:14, Heb 1:14).  They also have been 
previously tormented in fire without being annihilated (Lk 8:31, 
II Pet 2:4, Rev 20:1-3, 10). 

Robert replies:
So, that doesn't prove that this same spirit cannot be destroyed 
by God.  The intermediate state of angels or men is irrelevant to 
this debates main focus.  Sure, God can preserve a spirit.  That 
is clear (Eccl. 12:7) 

James wrote:
The wicked are cast into the lake of everlasting  fire and 
brimstone where the Devil, the beast and the false prophet have 
been cast (Rev 19:20, 20:10, 14:10).  The smoke of those cast 
into the Lake of Fire with the Devil ascends up for ever and ever 
and they have no rest day or night (Rev 14:10).  (Many thanks to 
Carol Sutton for much of the material in the above paragraphs.)

Robert replies:
Again, we differ as to whether this is literal or figurative or 
in fact visionary.  The beast and false prophet are generally 
thought to refer to political power and false religion, thus 
forces rather than personal entities that can suffer punishment.  
I view it as a vision of the defeat of anti Christian forces that 
those is the seven churches in Asia were then facing (Rev. 1:1).  
Literalizing this is unwarranted as is pressing for end time 
application (Rev. 1:1). Rev. 1:1 demands figurative or visionary 
interpretation as well as a short term fulfillment.  Hardly a 
place to assert dogmatic literal eschatological detail about the 
punishment of individuals.

James wrote:
Without redefining words to meanings they do not hold, the reader 
can see from the above passages that the Bible speaks of a 
punishment to come that is eternal (unending).

Robert replies
The punishment is unending as there is no recovery from it. It is 
permanent, final. You admitted earlier that this was a possible 
take on "eternal punishment". I think it is the traditional view 
of hell that turns words upside down.  The traditional view 
asserts that folks will never die, be destroyed, perish, sleep, 
despite the abundance of scripture asserting such in simple and 
otherwise literal contexts.  Then, Rev. 1:1 is ignored and texts 
in Revelation are literalized and applied to the end to provide 
proof texts for the traditional view.  Seems backwards to me.

James wrote:
The only argument introduced thus far in the debate that would 
give the traditional view of hell any difficulty is the literal 
nature of Gehenna. 

Robert replies:
I beg to differ.   

James wrote:
The careful reader will note that there is no indication of 
figures of speech in Jesus' description of punishment in 
Gehenna.  He says the punishment is when both body and soul are 
cast into Gehenna where their worm does not die and the fire is 
not quenched.  If one is affirming that hell is a literal place 
of fire that lasts for ever, it is incumbent upon one so 
affirming to describe how the Valley of Hinnom can be a place of 
eternal torment.  Likewise those who hold that Gehenna is the 
literal Valley of Hinnom but is a figure of annihilation or 
temporal punishment have an obligation to defend their position.

Robert replies:
Jesus said that the body and soul would be destroyed in Gehenna. 
If one does want to take that at face value, then that person is 
the one that needs to defend it. The translations favor my view.

James wrote:
In correspondence regarding this debate I invited one brother to 
make his position regarding Gehenna and the Lake of Fire clear by 
providing the following statements:

"I believe the Lake of fire is.and it represents."

And
"I believe Gehenna is the literal Valley of Hinnom. Jesus' 
prophecies regarding Gehenna were literally fulfilled when." or 
whatever clear statements that you want to make.

He declined to do so.  I am willing to do so, and here are my 
beliefs and why I believe them.

I believe the Lake of Fire is a literal lake of fire that will 
appear on the new earth after the Judgment (En 67:13).  The Lake 
of Fire is the same thing as Gehenna as I showed in the table of 
comparisons in the Second Affirmative.  I believe the Lake of 
Fire is literal because I believe our bodies are literally raised 
from the dead (Rom 8:11) and those damned at the Judgment have 
both body and soul literally cast into hell.  This view 
harmonizes with a literal understanding of "after he hath killed 
hath power to cast into [Gehenna]" (Lk 12:5), "fear him which is 
able to destroy both soul and body in [Gehenna]" (Mt 10:28).  
John also says that the two evil end-time men, the beast and the 
false prophet, are thrown alive into the Lake of Fire (Rev 
19:20).  The Lake of Fire is therefore a literal lake of fire.  
It does not represent anything but itself, a literal lake of 
fire.

Robert replies:
We disagree about how to interpret Revelation, so that makes 
addressing details about it even more difficult.

James wrote:
I believe Gehenna is the literal Valley of Hinnom.  The 
prophecies concerning Gehenna have not yet been fulfilled but 
will be fulfilled at the Judgment.  I believe that the region 
south of Jerusalem extending down on into Edom (Jer 49:17, Isa 
34:6, 10-11) will be the location of the literal Lake of Fire, 
Gehenna.  The literal Valley of Hinnom in ancient days served as 
a type of the Lake of Fire (as so many of the things of the Jews 
did-Col 22:16-17) that will literally come to pass at the end of 
days.  The location of the present day Valley of Hinnom will 
serve as the northern edge of the Lake of Fire, and when Jesus 
speaks of casting into Gehenna, He means just that.  Gehenna will 
be bigger in those days, but it will be basically in the same 
place (cp. Isa 66:24) but changed to a lake of fire.

Robert replies:
Again, we disagree about whether Jesus' words re Gehenna were an 
image or a literal prophecy.  Either way, Jesus said folks are 
destroyed, both body an soul there.

James wrote:
There is a prophecy in Rev 14:10-11 that deserves further 
attention.  Robert has waved it aside (based upon Rev 1:1) by 
asserting that everything in Revelation is figurative, and 
therefore uncertain and not worthy of serious consideration.

Robert replies:
Gimme a break.  Seems like you are casting aside Rev. 1:1.  It is 
very deserving of serious consideration. Where I worship, I have 
arranged our fall meeting to be a presentation of some lessons 
from Revelation, so though I do not take it literal or as a 
primer re eschatology, per Rev. 1:1, I do appreciate the message. 

James wrote:
If his argument proves anything, it also proves that the verse he 
uses in Revelation proves itself to be figurative and thus 
unreliable.  That which proves too much proves nothing.  If 
Robert's proof text does not require everything thing Revelation 
to be figurative, then the context must determine whether a 
statement is figurative or literal.  That is what we seek to do 
here, since a blanket assertion regarding the figurativeness of 
Revelation based upon evidence from Revelation reduces to 
absurdity.

Robert replies:
Rev. 1:1 is instructing the reader in how to read these visions.  
Your view demands that this be ignored.

James wrote:
Let us now turn our attention to an analysis of Rev 14:10-11.
Revelation 14:10 The same shall drink of the wine of the wrath of 
God, which is poured out without mixture into the cup of his 
indignation; and he shall be tormented with fire and brimstone in 
the presence of the holy angels, and in the presence of the Lamb:
11 And the smoke of their torment ascendeth up for ever and ever: 
and they have no rest day nor night, who worship the beast and 
his image, and whosoever receiveth the mark of his name.

The annihilationists claim that Rev 14:10-11 is "figurative" and 
thus wave it aside into meaninglessness.  They do this because it 
is clearly fatal to their proposition (hell is not eternal) if it 
is allowed to stand.  They reject Rev 14:10 on the basis of 
Jesus' statement in Rev 1:1 that Jesus made the revelation known 
(signified) unto John by the angel of Christ.  Several things may 
be noted about the dismissal of Rev 14:10 based on Rev 1:1

1)  The annihilationists greatly prefer the King James' 
"signified" over the clear meaning "made it known" used by the 
modern English versions (NIV) or "communicated" (NASB), because 
they can more easily establish the subterfuge that all of 
Revelation is fantasy and therefore unusable in debate because 
its meaning is uncertain

Robert replies:
The ASV has "signified" as well.  Just because something is not 
literal doesn't mean it is fantasy or irrelevant. 

James wrote
2)  If all of Revelation is figurative, what prevents Rev 1:1 
from being a figure of something other than a plain statement 
that Revelation is figurative?

Robert replies:
That's kinda like the statement that Jesus only spoke in 
parables.  It relates to one occasion and it is not good exegesis 
to apply that statement to itself! Same in Rev. 1:1.

James wrote:
3)  Even the annihilationists do not take every single thing in Revelation to be figurative.  Therefore the context must 
determine what is figurative and what is not.  They do not do 
that in dealing with Rev 14:10.

Robert replies:
Not here.  I view Rev as not only figurative, but general in 
meaning.  In other words, it depicts the victory of Christ and 
the defeat of Satan in general terms, in big pictures, not 
literal detail.  It contains visions, which give impressions.

James wrote:
4)  Good hermeneutics requires that the expositor take a text to 
be literal unless the context requires that that the text must be 
taken figuratively.  The annihilationists do not attempt to do 
that, but rather make a blanket generalization that because Rev 
14:10 is in Revelation it must therefore be figurative.  Such is 
invalid exegesis.

Robert replies:
Rev. 1:1 makes an exception to this rule.

James wrote:
5)  The annihilationists do not generally attempt to tell us what 
Rev 14:10 means if it is indeed figurative.  They merely wave it 
aside.

Robert replies:
It is a picture of the defeat and destruction of those who do not 
belong to God.

James wrote:
Let's look at the text of Rev 14:10-11 in some detail.

Table 1.  Analysis of Rev 14:10-11 showing parallel passages in 
the Bible.  The accounts that are parallel are considered by most 
Christians to be literal accounts.  Since they say the same 
things, the Revelation account is literal also.

Characteristics       Parallel       Ref 
of Rev 14:10-11       Accounts   
________________________________________
The antecedent of     Paul says      II Thes 
"the same" (v10) are  those who      2:12
the ones who are      are deceived
deceived and          (II Thes
worship the beast     2:10-11),
and receive his       believe not
mark in v9            the truth and
                      who follow the
                      Man of Sin 
                      are "damned" 
                      (v12)

Drinks of the wine    In the         Jer 
of the wrath of God   scriptures,    25:17-
which is poured out   the cup of     18, 28-
without mixture [His  God's wrath    29, 
wrath is not diluted  is the         49:11-
by time] into the     physical       12
cup of His            punishment 
indignation           he gives to 
                      the wicked
                      (Jer 25:17-
                      18, 28-
                      29, 
                      49:11-12).
                      Therefore, 
                      the cup of
                      God's wrath 
                      at the end of 
                      the world is 
                      His physical 
                      punishment 
                      on evil doers 
                      when He 
                      damns them 
                      to hell (Mt 
                      25:41). Hell 
                      is a 
                      damnation, 
                      a punishment 
                      of the 
                      physical 
                      body (Mt 
                      28:10)

he shall be tormented The dammed       Mt 
with fire and         are described    13:42, 
brimstone             as being cast    18:8, 
                      into the         25:41
                      everlasting      Rev 21:8
                      fire (Mt 18:8, 
                      25:41), the 
                      furnace of 
                      fire at the end 
                      of the world 
                      (Mt 13:40, 
                      42), and 
                      eternal 
                      Gehenna fire 
                      (Mt 18:8-9).  
                      Rev 21:8 
                      says the 
                      damned are 
                      cast into the 
                      lake of fire 
                      and brimstone, 
                      the Lake of 
                      Fire (Rev 
                      20:14).  
                      Being cast 
                      into the Lake 
                      of Fire is for 
                      ever (Rev 
                      20:10, Mt 
                      25:41).  
                      These places 
                      are all the 
                      same place 
                      because all of 
                      them are for
                      ever and one 
                      person can 
                      only burn for 
                      ever in one 
                      place.  The 
                      Lake of Fire 
                      with its fire 
                      and 
                      brimstone is 
                      the place 
                      where the 
                      damned are 
                      tormented 
                      with fire and
                      brimstone for 
                      ever.

In the presence of    The rebels        Lk 19:27,  
the holy angels       are slain in      Mt 25:31,
                      the King's        Isa 66:23, 
                      presence at       Ps 91:8
                      the Judgment 
                      (Lk 19:27) 
                      when all the 
                      holy angels 
                      are present 
                      (Mt 25:31)
                      The righteous 
                      shall go forth 
                      from 
                      Jerusalem 
                      to observe  
                      the wicked 
                      in hell 
                      (Isa 66:23, 
                      Ps 91:8) 

And the smoke of      Idumea         Isa 34:10, 
their torment         (Edom) that    Mt 18:8-9, 
ascendeth up for ever lies to the    25:41, 
and ever:              south of       Mk 3:29, 
                      Jerusalem      Heb 6:2,
                      will smoke     Mk 9:48
                      for ever and 
                      ever (Isa 
                      34:10).
                      Gehenna, a 
                      valley that 
                      ends south of 
                      Jerusalem, is 
                      the place 
                      where the 
                      damned will 
                      be physically 
                      cast (Mt 
                      18:8-9). The 
                      place of the 
                      damned is a 
                      place of 
                      "everlasting 
                      fire" (Mt 
                      18:8, 25:41), 
                      "eternal 
                      damnation" 
                      (Mk 3:29), 
                      "eternal 
                      judgment" 
                      (Heb 6:2), 
                      "everlasting 
                      destruction" 
                      (II Thes 1:9) 
                      where their 
                      worm dieth 
                      not and the 
                      fire is never
                      quenched 
                      (Mk 9:45, 
                      48, Isa 
                      33:14)

And they have no rest The damned   II Thes 1:9,
day nor night         are cut off  Mk 9:45
                      from the 
                      presence of 
                      the Lord 
                      where they 
                      are 
                      everlastingly 
                      punished (II 
                      Thes 1:9) 
                      and their 
                      worm dieth 
                      not (Mk 
                      9:45)    

who worship the beast The Man of     II Thes 2:12,  
and his image, and    Sin (II Thes   Rev 21:8
whosoever receiveth   2:3-12) is the
the mark of his name. same as the 
                      beast of Rev 
                      13:1-10.  
                      Those who 
                      receive the 
                      mark of the 
                      beast are 
                      damned (II 
                      Thes 2:12)
                      and cast into 
                      the Lake of 
                      Fire (Rev 
                      21:8)

As the above analysis shows, every point of the text in Rev 
14:10-11 corresponds to points about hell that are made 
elsewhere.  The other places in the scriptures that correspond to 
the text in Rev 14:10-11 are taken literally.  Since there is 
complete correspondence between Rev 14 and other texts that are 
accepted to be literal, there is no basis for taking Rev 14:10-11 
to be figurative.  It must therefore be one of those texts in 
Revelation that are literal, as even the proponents of taking 
Revelation to be figurative are forced to admit must exist.  If 
Rev 14:10-11 is literal then the phrase "And the smoke of their 
torment ascendeth up for ever and ever: and they have no rest day 
nor night" is literal and my proposition is proved.  Hell is 
everlasting conscious punishment of the damned.

Robert replies:
I appreciate the work here, but disagree.  Rev. 14;10 is not 
literal, in my understanding.  The imagery is borrowed from Gen. 
19:27-28 and depicts a defeat and destruction that will never be 
forgotten or recovered from.

James wrote:
In his second negative, Robert claims that in my analysis of the 
Bible teaching on hell that I generated false combinations.  He 
merely makes the statement that I do so without any attempt to 
show  that I have actually done so.  I acknowledge that it is 
possible to do so.  A well known illustration is, "[Judas] went 
and hanged himself." "Go thou and do likewise."  The 
concatenation of those scriptures (Mt 27:5, Lk 10:37) is what 
Robert is talking about, but it is not what I have done here.  If 
there is evidence that I have concatenated unrelated scriptures, 
he needs to adduce evidence to support his claim.

Robert replies:
That's what I think you have done.  In this affirmative, you are 
doing it as well.  You take different wording  from different 
contexts and make them all parallel and then make applications 
back and forth.

James wrote:
We have shown that the Bible teaches that hell is  literally a 
lake of fire in which the damned burn for ever.  The evidence 
presented against it has been a series of unsubstantiated 
assumptions.  In order to present a plausible case for God's 
eternal punishment really being only temporary, the proponents 
find it necessary to do the following things:

1)  Assume literal plain statements of the Bible to be figures of speech (e.g. Rev 14:10-11).

Robert replies:
Rev. 1:1 instructs me to take its content as figurative as 
opposed to literal, so no assumption on my part.  Your view 
simply disregards the instruction here, imo.

2)  Redefine "death" and "kill" as annihilation, cessation of 
being.

3)  Redefine "eternal", "everlasting" and "for ever" as a 
temporary situation.

Robert replies:
Already covered previously.

James wrote:
4)  Assume that spirits can be annihilated by fire when the Bible 
shows they endure fire (Lk 16:22-24) and can even become fire (Heb 1:7)

Robert replies:
Mt. 10:28

James wrote
5)  Assume that "destruction" equals annihilation

Robert replies:
Certainly fits better than your view which says “destruction" 
means indestructible.

James wrote:
6)  Aver that the wicked are punished "for ever", but their so-
called "everlasting" punishment in the fire changes at some point 
in the future to annihilation.

Robert replies:
See first affirmative on "eternal".

James wrote:
7)  Make Gehenna hell a temporal place of punishment for wicked 
Jews, whereas James warns all Christians (Jas 3:1) that their 
tongue and by inference the body it is attached to will burn in 
Gehenna (Jas 3:6) if they don't control it.

Robert replies:
James, in my understanding is saying that Gehenna is the source 
of the evil that the tongue uses rather than that Gehenna is the 
end of this tongue, etc.

James wrote:
Here is the truth corresponding to the above arguments:

1)  See Table 1 above showing that Rev 14 is literal and thus 
teaches everlasting conscious punishment of the damned

2)  Thayer defines "death" as 1. properly, "the death of the 
body," i. e. "that separation" (whether natural or violent) "of 
the soul from the body by which the life on earth is ended" 2. 
metaphorically, "the loss of that life which alone is worthy of 
the name," i. e. "the misery of soul arising from sin, which 
begins on earth but lasts and increases after the death of the 
body" 3. "the miserable state of the wicked dead in hell".  There 
is nothing here about annihilation

Robert replies:
Thayer is commenting, not defining greek words here.  He is an 
authority on word meanings, not interpretation of texts.

James wrote:
"Destruction" is "destructive, deadly".  There is nothing here 
about annihilation.

Robert replies:
Certainly nothing about never ending non destruction!

James wrote:
"Kill" is 1. "to sacrifice, immolate", 2. "to slay, kill", 3. "to 
slaughter".  There is nothing here about annihilation.

Robert replies:
Certainly nothing about never sleeping or dying either.

James wrote:
3)  "Eternal" is 1. "without beginning or end, that which always 
has been and always will be", 2. "without beginning", "without 
end, never to cease, everlasting"

Hebrew "everlasting" is "perpetuity; forever; continuing future; 
ancient (used of past time); forever (used of future time); used 
of continuous existence; forever (used of God's existence)" 
(Brown-Driver-Briggs).  This word does not mean temporary.

Robert replies:
See first affirmative.  Eternal "sin", "salvation", "judgment", 
"redemption", etc., are clearly, per the scriptures, not ongoing 
events.

James wrote:
Hebrew "forever" is 
1.   the same as "everlasting, 
2.  "completion; finality; in perpetuity", 
3. "all; the whole; the whole of; any; each; every; 
anything; totality; everything", 
4.  "eminence; perpetuity; strength; victory; enduring; 
everlastingness; enduring of life; endurance in time; perpetual; 
continual; unto the end; everlastingness; ever",
5.  completion; finality; in perpetuity
Not one of these words translated "for ever" means temporary.

Robert replies:
See first affirmative again. Bible usage the best means by which 
to define terms.

James wrote:
Greek "forever"  is "from the same as 104; properly, an 
age; by extension, perpetuity (also past); by implication, the 
world; specially (Jewish) a Messianic period (present or future) 
(Strong).  Since the age of the new earth of the future does not 
end (Lk 1:33), the age of the Messiah is not temporary and the 
punishment of the wicked endures as long as the righteous are 
rewarded, and that is eternally (Mt 25:46).

Robert replies:
Much commentary there.

James wrote:
4)  The disembodied spirit of Dives endured the flames of Hades 
(Lk 16:24).  The spirit of the Devil is said to endure the Lake 
of Fire for ever and ever (Rev 20:10).  Angels can actually 
become fiery beings (Heb 1:7).  God, a Spirit, can endure fire 
(Ex 3:4, Dan 3:25).  Fire is never said to annihilate spirits.  
Spirits being annihilated in hell is wishful thinking by the 
annihilationists, for no text supports it.

Robert replies:
Mt. 10:28 says both body and soul will "destroyed" in Hell.

James wrote:
5)  Thayer defines "destruction" as "destructive, deadly"

Strong says it is, "ruin, i.e. death, punishment".  Neither of 
these definitions says anything about cessation of being or 
annihilation.

Robert replies:
Nor never ending consciousness and eventual release from 
punishment at judgment for some, per your judgment.

James wrote:
6)  See the definition of "everlasting" above.  The definition of 
"everlasting" (i.e. "perpetuity") will not permit a change in the 
punishment at some finite future date.

7)  Gehenna is a place of eternal torment (Mt 18:8-9, Mt 25:46, 
Rev 14:10-11, 20:10) where the damned are cast at the Judgment 
(Mt 25:41, Rev 20:15, 21:8)

As the analysis shows, all of the above seven actions taken on 
the scriptures by the annihilationists are wrong, but even the 
falsification of a single one of them would most likely destroy 
their argument that hell is temporal.  Since all of the above are 
false, their proposition is thus seven times proven to be false 
because of the falsification of the seven pillars of their 
proposition.

The Bible teaches that the torment of the damned is for ever and 
ever.  They will have no rest day or night.  Hell is for ever.  
There is no escape from the flames of hell.  Let us strive to 
please God that we may never go there.

Robert replies:
James, this has been a long discussion, both in time and 
content.  I have enjoyed the challenges, but we differ, not only 
in detail but in broader approaches to some texts critical to the 
issue. This has resulted in some deterioration of detailed 
discussion as time has gone one, but I still think we have had a 
good discussion.

I agree that we need to please God so as to not go there.  I 
believe you and I are both doing that and will spend eternity 
with God.  I trust that neither one of us will care which one of 
us was right about this matter then.

Much regards to you and all as faithful Christians,
Robert Dozier